While women represent half of the world’s population, they work nearly two-thirds of all working hours, but receive only one-tenth of the world’s income and own less than one per cent of the world’s property.
These statistics alone demonstrate the extent of the gender inequality that women face every day, and I want to explore this multi-faceted problem that is often brushed under the carpet.
Birth
Much of the inequality that women face begins when they are very young. For some, it begins when they are born. Even in this day and age, in specific cultures but across the board, baby boys are preferred to girls. A recent study of families in India uncovered that up to 6 million female foetuses have been aborted in the past decade. This was particularly prevalent in families who had already had a baby girl, and found out their second child was going to be a girl. As a Pakistani, I understand the cultural implications and the pressure that mothers face to conceive boys. Boys are given a higher status because in Asian cultures, bloodlines and families are highly significant, and a baby boy is treated as an heir as he will carry the familial status, whereas girls are highly likely to take their spouses surnames once they marry.
From an Islamic historical perspective, as the Prophet Muhammad (May peace and blessings be upon him) was growing up, it was commonplace for baby girls to be buried alive simply because of their sex. However, the Prophet himself discouraged this barbaric practice, and as example, advocated the well-treatment of daughters and wives.
Education and the workplace
From reading the book by Feminist Kat Banyard entitled “The Equality Illusion”, I learnt that the gender divide comes into play as soon as children start school. It is in school that girls learn that they must like all things pink and fluffy, that they must show a disinterest in sport, and that they are naturally quite creative but do not have a flair for maths and science- so they don’t even try. Chemistry sets and building and construction toys are packaged in such a way that sends a subconscious message that they are only for boys, and girls are only encouraged to play with Barbie dolls and kitchen sets.
I was reading a blog a few weeks ago in which the packaging of toys was being discussed, and prior to the early 1990s, the free toys in McDonald’s children’s happy meals were unisex. It was only after 1990 that employees asked the parents if the meal was for a girl or boy. Recently, the toy store Hamley’s announced it is to remove the signs “girl” and “boy” from its toy shelves, and not to divide each section into pink and blue.
It is in school that we all have our first experience of making friends, and very quickly, there is a divide of the sexes within friendship groups. It’s clear that school is a place where the clear gender boundaries, roles and identities are laid down, which is a societal flaw.
Despite this, girls are flourishing more than ever academically and are constantly out-performing boys. However, this success does not translate to when girls actually enter the workplace, as females performing the same work as males get paid up to twenty per cent less. So why is this happening? This is partly because of the subjects girls are choosing to study and consequently the fields they end up working in. Girls are sticking to entering “traditional” fields and apply for posts such as sales assistant, healthcare or secretarial jobs. This could be because these are the types of jobs women aspire to but they only aspire to such jobs thinking they are “appropriate” for their gender and skills-base.
Women are also more likely than men to take up part-time jobs, due to caring commitments, which widens the pay gap. Part-time work may be useful, but it is less secure and part-time workers are often not protected by legislation or unions.
For me, and other like-minded feminists, the key to achieving equality simply requires a change in attitudes. If women were regarded as the same way in which men were- simply as fellow human beings, then women and society as a whole could progress and achieve so much more. Women’s role as mothers is downplayed but is so vital in educating and rearing the future generations and future leaders of this world. Change must come from within, but men can also help the feminist cause, by pledging to treat the females in their lives as equals, and not relegating them. And it is also up to the women to respect and value themselves and know they deserve better.
By Hijabi Hippie Hypo
http://glandtastic.blogspot.com/
http://twitter.com/hijabihippie
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Sources:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/24/india-families-aborting-girl-babies
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